Segregation The Processes of Inclusion and Exclusion Essay

Race is an ambiguous concept possessed by individuals, and according to sociologists Michael Omi and Howard Winant, it is socially constructed. Race divides people into categories which causes needless cultural and social tensions. The concept of race also causes inclusion, exclusion, and segregation in U.S society. Both inclusion and exclusion tie together to create the overall process of segregation — one notion cannot occur without resulting in the others. Segregation is a form of separation in terms of race that includes the processes of inclusion and exclusion. Race was the main factor that caused conflicts among people in society in the realms of culture, education, and residential. Historians, sociologists, and other†¦show more content†¦(66) Whites both excluded Blacks and included themselves within an area by moving to the suburbs, redlining, racially steering, and inputting zoning laws. (66) Whites did not want to live next to Blacks; they referred to Blacks as an inferior race, a threat, and a colored problem, because Blacks were animals and thought the world was theirs. Whites used segregation to resolve this problem; sixty percent of them wanted racial exclusion to keep Blacks out, so the neighborhoods turned into a battlefield with the help of homeowners associations. (70) Whites continued to work to include themselves as a group and at the same time exclude Blacks by stating that it was a violation of their rights to have Blacks in their neighborhood. Whites modeled themselves as victims and shut down Blacks to create neighborhoods that included only one race. The way Whites established themselves as a group was through their demands for the rights to own houses in racially homogenous neighborhoods. This was made possible with the help of the New Deal housing policy, Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC), and the Federal Housing Administration (FHA). Whites separated themselves from Blacks stating that they had rights as citizens th rough bootstrapping as opposed to Blacks. They saw themselves as part of the neighborhood because they had worked and deserved the rights to associate among themselves. When Whites noticed that the government was assistingShow MoreRelatedEssay about segregation1571 Words   |  7 Pagesdivides people through categories which led to cultural and social tensions. It also determined inclusion, exclusion, and segregation in U.S society. Both inclusion and exclusion tie together to create the overall process of segregation — one notion cannot occur without resulting in the others. Segregation is a form of separation in terms of race that includes the processes of inclusion and exclusion. Race was the main factor that caused conflicts among people in society in the realms of cultureRead MoreThe Development Of The Welfare State And Social Policies1563 Words   |  7 Pagesfor employment. Within sociological terms the education system is the most important way in which society repr oduces (Oliver Barton, 1997). The concept of educating disabled children in the UK, was a medically classified facility that expanded segregation practices from the past special school systems. The focus on education for the handicapped child was the consequence of mass elementary education in response to political issues from the condition of England debate in the 1880’s (Oliver BarnesRead MoreAfrican Apartheid And Its Historical And Theoretical Context1430 Words   |  6 Pagesclass and nationality. We will examine how these concepts encompass the statist, racialised, classist new world order. We commence by examining South-African apartheid and its historical and theoretical context. Apartheid was a system of racial segregation used in the overtly racist regime in South Africa from 1948 to 1991. It was based on laws that banned â€Å"marriage and sexual relations between different â€Å"population groups† and requir[ed] separate residential areas for people of mixed race (â€Å"Coloreds†)Read MoreSocial Inclusion And Exclusion From The Australian Schooling System Essay1807 Words   |  8 PagesINTRODUCTION This essay will analyse the contested concepts of social inclusion and exclusion in education. While there are numerous social groups whom experience the impact of educational inclusion and exclusion the essay will particularly focus on what these concepts entail for indigenous students within the Australian schooling system. The essay will examine the multifaceted nature of social inclusion and exclusion in education by utilising the contested grounds, which substantiate debate surroundingRead More1.6 Justification Of The Study. The Exclusion Of Pwds By1223 Words   |  5 Pages1.6 JUSTIFICATION OF THE STUDY The exclusion of PWDs by design or default is no longer acceptable according to international and national legal standards. Architecture has a responsibility to create built environments that are sensitive to the needs of this category of people. Such designs can only be developed using scientific information on existing designs, how they are experienced by PWDs and therefore how they can be improved. Children with disability in Kenya are often consigned to â€Å"specialRead MoreDifferences Between Special Education And Inclusive Education3310 Words   |  14 Pagesabstract discussions on the problem of definition aside, within the context of education we are faced with a more practical problem: the dilemma of accommodating varying abilities within education systems? It is here that we witness the phenomenon of segregation that operates on distinctive levels (Terzi, 2010). It makes a claim about the ability, or lack of ability of particular individuals, thus creating and re-enforcing distinct separate identities. It also simultaneously acknowledges, in sensitive termsRead MoreSocial Justice And Inclusion Within The Scottish Education System Essay2327 Words   |  10 PagesThe first part of this paper explores the concepts of social justice and inclusion within the Scottish Education System. Both of which are complex theories and ultimately influence each other. What is Social Justice? What is inclusion? How are they related? What does it mean to have an inclusive environment for students? How do we achieve this in schools? Does society play a part in how inclusion is introduced and maintained? These are just some of the questions that I endeavor to explore. ConsistentlyRead MoreEthnicity and Exclusion through Space2768 Words   |  11 Pagesbuilt environment. Social exclusion David Byrne in his book, Social exclusion, talks about social exclusion and the topic of main interests to this thesis is where he mentions divisions in the post-industrial cities.4 A lot of information was taken from this book but before I delve into David Byrne’s research here is the definition of social exclusion as mentioned by Madanipour et al; Social exclusion is defined as a multi-dimensional process, in which various forms of exclusion are combined; participationRead MoreSocial Justice1736 Words   |  7 Pagesto overcome social injustice. Social welfare includes the creation and maintenance of social wellbeing by way of social supports, for example by tackling poverty and discrimination by promoting the redistribution of wealth or by promoting social inclusion. On the other hand, crime control aims to create and maintain social stability, order and security by addressing the behaviour of those who are perceived to be a threat to those values. Those who advocate a social welfare approach believe thatRead MoreDESCRIBE THE PHILOSOPHY OF INCLUSION ‘The act of embracing as a member of a whole.’ (Oxford2100 Words   |  9 PagesPHILOSOPHY OF INCLUSION ‘The act of embracing as a member of a whole.’ (Oxford English Dictionary)(RoutledgeFalmer, 2005) Inclusion is not a new idea. Concerns about inclusion can be dated back to the civil rights movements of the 1960s through to the 1980s. The ideals behind inclusive education have their roots in the development of liberal and progressive thought, where equality of opportunities is stressed. Elizabeth Burgwin, a child welfare pioneer saw no purpose or virtue in segregation. The idea

Essay on Prescription Drug Abuse - 1318 Words

Prescription drug abuse has become increasingly prevalent among teens in the county. There has been an increase in the abuse of prescription drugs for a number of reasons. Some individuals who misuse prescription drugs believe they are safer than other illicit drugs because they are prescribed by a healthcare professional and dispensed by a pharmacist. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has classified this prescription drug abuse as an epidemic. More and more teens are becoming addicted to these substances and the epidemic is only growing. Prescription drug abuse by teens has been rapidly increasing over the last five years. According to nationally projectable survey by The Partnership at Drugfree.org and MetLife†¦show more content†¦This is not true as many long and short term health issues will arise in an individual who abuses prescription drugs. The effect a drug has on one’s body is based off the type of drug it is. Opioid painkillers such as OxyCo tin and Vicodin, central nervous system depressants such as Valium and Ativan, and stimulants such as Ritalin and Adderall, all cause different health problems. Opioids can cause choking, changes in mood, interruptions in menstrual cycle, infertility, decreased cognitive function and slowed breathing. Stimulants can cause paranoia, loss of appetite, and in high doses, an increase in body temperature and an abnormal heartbeat. Depressants, can cause memory problems, lead to seizures and slows normal brain function. Taking any of these drugs can result in addiction. Even though a doctor prescribes prescription drugs, they will still have major health impacts on a person abusing them. There is a very high chance that an individual how abuses prescription drugs will become addicted. Addiction is defined as a persistent compulsive use of a substance known by the user to be harmful. There are many reasons why a person would become addicted to a substance. Family history of addiction, traumatic experiences in childhood and mental disorders such as depression or anxiety can all increase ones vulnerability to becoming an addict. When a person takes prescriptionShow MoreRelatedPrescription Drug Abuse And Prescription Drugs Essay1413 Words   |  6 PagesMost people are familiar with prescription medications; almost everyone has taken them at one point or another during their lifetime. Not all prescription drugs are addicting, but a large number of them are. Prescription drug abuse is a disease that has become a major problem in the United States, which affects over six-million Americans. Prescription drug abuse not only affects the individual, but can additionally have far-reaching consequences that affect family, personal health, employmentRead MoreDrugs And Prescription Drug Abuse2022 Words   |  9 Pagesoverview of the increased use of pharmaceuticals and prescription drug abuse in the US. The section continues with the relationship between illicit drugs a nd prescriptions, adolescents’ abuse, personal and social factors; then concludes with the theoretical approach. The Social-Ecological Theory, will be applied in researching prescription drug abuse, possible influences and protective factors in adolescents in relation to prescription drug abuse, to develop focused intervention strategies and educationalRead MorePrescription Drug Abuse2011 Words   |  9 PagesCultivating a Solution for the Youth of America Prescription drug abuse has become an epidemic across the United States, destroying and affecting many lives of young Americans. Why do so many people abuse prescription drugs? Many think that prescription drugs are safer and less addictive than â€Å"street drugs.† After all, these are drugs that moms, dads, and even kid brothers and sisters use. The dangers are not easily seen, but the future of America’s youth will soon be in severe danger if theRead MoreTeen Abuse Prescription Drug Abuse1422 Words   |  6 Pagesleading drugs used and abused by teenagers in America. According to Elizabeth Larsen, â€Å"The Centers for Disease Control classifies prescription drug abuse as the worst drug epidemic in United States history† (Larsen p.4). This is the worst drug epidemic in history because of the percentage of teenage usage. Based on different studies, pills are the most commonly abused drug among twelve- and thirteen- year olds because of how easy they are t o access. In fact, many teens that abuse prescription medicationRead Moreprescription drug abuse1523 Words   |  7 Pagesï » ¿Prescription Drug Abuse Millions of people throughout the world are taking drugs on a daily basis. If you were to ask someone why they take prescription drugs, most people would be taking them for the right reason. However, it’s estimated that twenty percent of people in the United States alone have used prescription drugs for non-medical reasons.1 Prescription drug abuse is a serious and growing problem that often goes unnoticed. Abusing these drugs can often lead to addiction and even deathRead MorePrescription Drug Abuse And Prescription Drugs1487 Words   |  6 PagesPrescription Drug Abuse Prescription Drug Abuse has increased in an alarming rate over recent years! Prescription drug related deaths now outnumber those from heroin and cocaine combined. The abuse in prescription drugs in America goes back more than a hundred years ago. Prescription drug abuse is the use of a medication without a prescription, in a way other than prescribed, or for the experience or feelings elicited. Although prescription medications are intended to help individuals, they canRead MorePharmacists and Prescription Drug Abuse1420 Words   |  6 Pagesof the highest rates for prescription drug abuse, and overdose in the nation. In order to change this it is important to understand what pharmacists do, their role in prevention, and the severity of prescription drug abuse. Pharmacists are known to dispense prescription drugs to patients and inform them about their use; However, one aspect of their career most people overlook is that Pharmacists must keep a sharp eye out for criminals looking to abuse these prescribed drugs. First, here is some importantRead MorePrescription Drug Abuse. Did You Know That Prescription1173 Words   |  5 PagesPrescription Drug Abuse Did you know that prescription drug abuse is one of the leading causes of death in the United States? â€Å"According to the Journal of the American Medical Association, two-hundred and ninety people in the United States are killed by prescription drugs every day. (White)† That number is growing every year due to the lack of knowledge of prescription drugs and the potential harm they can cause. Many people are under the misconception that prescription drugs are safe becauseRead MoreTeenage Prescription Drug Abuse Essay1427 Words   |  6 PagesTeenage Prescription Drug Abuse Years ago, the common image of an adolescent drug abuser was a teen trying to escape from reality on illegal substances like cocaine, heroin, or marijuana. Today, there is a great discrepancy between that perception and the reality of who is likely to abuse drugs. A teenage drug abuser might not have to look any further than his or her parent’s medicine chest to ‘score.’ Prescription drug abuse by teens is on the rise. Also, teens are looking to prescription drugsRead MoreThe Problem Of Prescription Drug Abuse1461 Words   |  6 Pages(Quotes about Drug Abuse). This quote by Wayne Gerald Trotman describes how heartbreaking it is to contemplate on exactly how many people’s lives have been adversely impacted as a result of abuse. Child abuse, animal abuse, and sexual abuse are all major types of abuse; however, prescription drug abuse is a problem that is drastically skyrocketing in today’s society. While other addictions and abuses are equally signif icant, it is imperative that people put a stop to prescription drug abuse using two

Changes in the Land Free Essays

Changes in the Land Native Americans were some of the first people to live and settle in America, and lived much differently than Europeans. Cabeza de Vaca and William Cronon explain their experiences with Native Americans in Cabeza de Vaca’s Adventures in the Unknown Interior of American and Changes in the Land respectively. Their lifestyle was very new and unfamiliar to both de Vaca and Cronon when they arrived in America. We will write a custom essay sample on Changes in the Land or any similar topic only for you Order Now Cabeza de Vaca arrived in Southwest America in the sixteenth-century while William Cronon arrived in the New England area of America in the twentieth-century. Even though both of them lived in different time periods and were in different parts of America, there are several similarities and a few differences when they observed and encountered Native Americans. The Native Americans were nomadic people and traveled frequently according to the seasons and availability of food. In Changes in the Land, Cronon explains that the Native Americans only owned belongings that were essential because they moved around depending on where the food was most abundant (Cronon 54). During the seasonal migrations, a family might carry: clothing, baskets, fishing equipment, a few tools, corn, beans, and smoked meat (Cronon 54). Cabeza de Vaca explains that the Capoques and Han lived by the ocean in small huts. These huts are made of mats and their floors consisted of oyster shells, and they sleep on these shells in animal skins (de Vaca 62). The Han Indians often traveled to the shore to eat oysters during the Winter and would return to the mainland in the Spring. The Native Americans in both accounts are nomadic people and move around depending on the season. The Indians moved around a lot because of the availability of food depending on the time of year and would often starve or find other ways to adapt. During the twentieth-century, Cronon explains that the Native Americans would go fishing in the Spring then move back to the coast to hunt and pick berries in the Summer. During the Winter, the women would farm while the men would hunt (Cronon 94). The southern Indians had a lot of agricultural produce and would trade with the northern Indians (Cronon 94). During the Winter, though, the northern Indians would starve because food was very scarce, which was very difficult for the Europeans to understand. The Indians living in the sixteenth-century would eat nothing but oysters and drink very bad water for three months (de Vaca 62). The Indians live on the island during the Winter, where they survive off of roots which the women gather from under water in November and December (de Vaca 61). In both accounts, the Indians moved depending on the season and what food was available to them, but ate different foods because of their locations. One difference between the Native Americans in Changes in the Land and Cabeza de Vaca’s Adventures in the Unknown Interior of America is their manipulation of the land. The twentieth-century Native Americans were very big on agriculture and growing their own produce (Cronon 54), while the sixteenth-century Native Americans hunted more and ate more shellfish (de Vaca 43). These differences are due to their geographical location, what is more easily accessible, and the weather conditions of the area. Since they lived closer to the ocean, it was much easier to collect shellfish and gather berries than grow their own produce since the weather was not fit for agriculture. The Indians described by Cronon made more changes to the land than the Indians described by de Vaca. Overall, the Native Americans living during the sixteenth-century and the twentieth-century had very similar lifestyles and had the same motives for traveling often. The Native Americans in both accounts were nomadic and would move according to the time of year; because of this, they only owned things that were essential to living and did not own anything excessive. The Native Americans both hunted and gathered food to survive, but it was different types of food because of their geographical location and what was more readily available to them. Since this is the case, their manipulation of the land was different—the later Native Americans grew more agriculture, while the earlier Native Americans hunted and gathered more of their food. There are a few differences between the Native Americans described by Cronon and de Vaca, but they are more similar to each other. How to cite Changes in the Land, Papers

Knowledge of Management Tools and Systems †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Knowledge of Management Tools and Systems. Answer: Introduction This report aims to identify and resolve the issues regarding talent management and gaining necessary information or knowledge that are troubling the organization AureconSG to carry out their daily business operations in Singaporean Market. The chief purpose of this report is to shed light on the strength and possible weaknesses of the analytical model framework and tools to identify the limitations of them to identify the macro and micro environmental advantages and disadvantages of the business organization. In this report a research on the company along with the industry has been executed and relevant information on the business is also incorporated. AureconSG is an engineering consultancy firm that is headquartered at Australia and South Africa. The management of the organization has also expanded their business in the market of Singapore, New Zealand and Middle East. The operations or the services of the business organization includes digital advisory, management regarding environmental issues along with integrated planning to quench the needs of the numerous business organizations and the requirements of the government.l tools This section of the report discusses the advantages and disadvantages of using frameworks and models like VRIO, pestle and porter 5 to analyze various risk factors that AureconSG are experiencing or will face in future. Advantages and disadvantages of porter 5 model The framework porter 5 is a model that is used to get necessary information related to the attractiveness of the organization by identifying numerous forces of the industry by knowing the interacting among those to evaluate thelikelihood of the profitability within the industry (Albert and Grzeda 2015). In contemporary economy there has been a major change in the market from the 80s and the stability of the market got decreased in a significant manner. Porter 5 model has two chief inadequacies in this regard and one of them is present in its composition. It can be said that as a model that is static, porter 5 offers a snapshot of the industry in a wide scale and therefore it can be used to strategize for successfully attaining the short term goals. While strategizing for the long time, it can be said that porter 5 model will not be as helpful as it was for short term planning (Okanga and Drotskie 2015). Secondly, it can be said that when the management of the organization tries to apply the model to a specific business organization than on the whole industry that is a major mistake; and for that it would be helpful for the management use SWOT as an analytical tool (Melanderet al. 2016). To make strategic planning to run a business organization successfully it can be said that Vrio can be a useful tool. Vrio framework helps to get the relevant and important information to attain the competitive advantage in a market that is steeped with fierce rivalry (Albert and Grzeda 2015). Thus, it can be said that vrio framework helps the managements of the business organizations to examine the internal environment to locate the resources in oder to evaluate those. Therefore it can be said that the results attained from utilizing vrio framework can help the management to gain the necessary competitive advantage. To identify the disadvantages of using vrio framework it can be said that while analyzing the result breaks down into numerous segments and makes the process complex(Bertozzi, Ali and Gul 2016). It is seen that while creating efficiencies vrio as an analytical tool does not offer the management of the organization to relate each and every activities in a sequence that could lead to lose the sight of how many activities of the organization can actually relate to each other. Advantage and disadvantages of pestle Pestle framework is important to analyze and identify the opportunities and threats that the management of the organisation is facing in contemporary times. This framework is important as it helps the management to eradicate the issues that are challenging for the organisation and to develop the mode of business operation to ensure increased profitability and productivity (Erasmus et al. 2016). Pestle framework helps the management of the organisation to get relevant insight to get to know the macro environment. One of the major advantages of using pestle framework is that it direct and easy to understand. Apart from these, this particular framework allows the managements of various organisations to notice the environmental changes in a swift manner (Bertozzi, Ali and Gul 2016). To explain the limitations of pestle analysis it can be said that pestle analysis is to be done in a frequent manner and otherwise it would not be possible to identify the small changes in the macro environment that might appear harmful for the business organisation (Agwu and Onwuegbuzie 2017). The evaluation of the macro environment using pestle framework should be done in a way that is immensely critical and unbiased as otherwise it may lead to a wrong strategic decision making by the management of the organization (Bertozzi, Ali and Gul 2016). Apart from that, it can be said that pestle framework helps only to analyze the external environment and does not help to gather information that other analyzing tools or frameworks provide(Okanga and Drotskie 2015). A pestle analysis is hugely dependent on the accumulated data of the researcher that is variable. Apart from that pestle analysis is also dependent on the predictions and assumptions that is not always accurate(Melanderet al. 20 16). Thus it can be said that pestle analysis would not be adequate to analyze the factors to successfully run the operations of Aurecon as well as for other business organizations. Hence, it can be said that the managing body of AureconSg can utilize the analytical tools like VUCA, 7s and various dynamic capability frameworks rather than porter 5, pestle and vrio framework. This particular framework or strategy can be utilized for defining the soft and difficult elements that are inherent in the management of the businesses. These elements that are difficult can be identified and explained and the implication of those elements is a fact that can surely be manipulated (Albert and Grzeda 2015). For an example, it can be said that the management of AureconSg has implemented the strategies without introducing latest technologies in the workplace that can depend on the system and the structure of the business organization. It can be said that IT system and the formal business process of a particular organization can be tagged as the difficult elements and on the other hand, the intangible factors that administer the business organization can be labeled as soft elements (Melanderet al. 2016). The economists and business analysts opines that without the presence of the hard elements a business organization would not be able to develop further. It can also be s aid that the soft elements of a business organization is also important just as the hard elements are; because the soft elements define the values and cultures of the business organization, which are applied in the soft elements. It is seen that the major aspects of those application of 7s strategy is that each and every element that are present in a business organization has to be interrelated. Thus it can surely be said that absence of any of these elements can make a business organization crumble down to pieces and in the particular case of AureconSG it can be said that the soft elements implications are done as effectively as the staffs, values and skills are present as asset of the company (Melanderet al. 2016). It can be aid that the reason behind the success that the management of Aurecon has achieved is because, the management of the organization depends on the professional skills of the workforce. The Blue Ocean strategy is applied in the business organization so that it can effectively identify a business that experiences lesser pressure than the competitors of the organization who are operating in the same market (Okanga and Drotskie 2015). It can also be said that Blue Ocean identifies which business organizations pricing strategy is not implemented in the market of operation. It is seen that Blue Oceans application in numerous business organizations and industries across the global market is significant. The utility of this strategy is not at all restrained to any specific type of business and it can be seen as one o the major and effective strategies that can define most of the managements of the business organizations. In contemporary market where the rivalry is fierce, it is seen thatthe managements of the business organizations can operate with a lot of pressure from the rival business organizations to get more market share. The overall production of a business organiz ation can face some challenges while applying the pressure of the pricing. Thus this types of situations can define the ways which the management of AureconSG can choose to fight the market pressure. In this particular context, blue ocean strategies can provide various growth opportunities in the market of operation and these opportunities significantly help to get more market share than the rival organizations in the same business. In the particular case of AureconSG it is seen that the management of the organization experiences somewhat lesser threats in the market of operation because they are currently one of the best engineering consultancy agencies in the market of Singapore. Apart from that, professional skills of their workforce are much superior to the capability of the workers of the other rival organizations operating in the same market. It is a matter of fact that,AureconSG currently facing fierce rivalries from business organizations like Deloitte, KPMG and PricewaterhouseCoopers that operate in the same market where AureconSg operates. This is because the other organizations do not have the necessary resources to compete with an organization like AureconSG. The managements of business organizations to create a strategic leadership for the business utilize VUCA framework. it is a matter of fact that nowadays every business organizations will be needing to use VUCA framework to analyze the uncertainty, complexity, volatility and the ambiguity that are present in the business operation. It can be said that inadequacy of the predictability might be emerged from the chiefly for the presence of various external factors of the business operation. Itcan be said that in majority times the fear to accept the reality makes the organization to fail production wise. In this way the managements of the business organizations can look at their present and future condition that can be analyzed utilizing VUCA framework. Particularly for Aurecon, it canbe said that application of VUCA as an analytical tool would help the management to to retain the competitive advantage and for an example, it can be said that various factors that may appear to be volatile for the organization are financial condition of Singapore and the infrastructure of the company. These isues add to the realization of the factors of uncertainty that are present in the economy. Thus for an example, it can be said that the financial condition of Singapore is good but there are ample chances that it may drop significantly. Thus it would be useful to consider the factors that may contribute to the decrease in the productivity and the profitability of the business organization. it can be said that the ventures full of uncertainty in which sectors the management of Aurecon needs to work on are the changes in the laws of the country they are operating. Therefore it would be important to diversify the products they are offering in the mar ket and also to make sure that the policies of the organizations are kept unchanged. Volatility 1 Nature of change required 2 Score based on Aurecon: 3 Complexity 1 Creation of confused environment 2 Score based on Aurecon: 2 Uncertainty 1 Acceptance of uncertainty 2 Score based on Aurecon: 4 Ambiguity 1 Gain experience from the uncertainty 2 Score based on Aurecon: 5 Table 1: VUCA analysis It can be said that the dynamic capability of the business organizations mean the ability of the managements of the business organizations to change and sustain the basic resources of the company. Dynamic capability might be linked with ability of the management to reconfigure, integrate and to build the internal and external changes and level of competencies of the organization. in the way in which the management adapts to the market of operation can very well describe the required factors for effective management or the business organization. It is experienced that the idea of dynamic capabilities is somewhat likewise to the notion of operational capabilities. Comparing and constrastingAureconSG with its rival organization Alpha consultancy firm that has fierce rivalry with AureconSg and currently the business of Alpha is going pretty well in the market of Singapore. Alpha as a business organization was established in the year of 1995 and has secured a share in the market of engineering consultancy since then and earned a reputation in the market of Singapore. The managing body of Alpha have utilized various analytical tools like 7s, Blue Ocean and VUCA framework to successfully identify the internal and external factors that may harm or challenge the business organization in future along with using analytical tools like pestle swot and vrio framework(Bertozzi, Ali and Gul 2016). Thus it can be said that the management of Alpha gains a competitive advantage in the market in this way and they can secure more productivity and profitability in the oddest times. The management of Alpha engineering have applied 7s strategic tool to locate the capabilities that the organization process along with the other competitors in the market of operation. It can be said that the values and cultures of the business organization helps to believe that the policies of the organization are inclined to deliver quality service and products to their customers to achieve a good reputation in the market of operation (Okanga and Drotskie 2015). The interrelation between all the factors of the company actually helps the management to get to know the capabilities of the workforce and the management and it is seen that the effectiveness of the workforce of Alpha is commendable (Mauree and Geneletti 2017). It can surely be said that it is necessary for the management to make sure that they develop the competency of their workers in a way so that it can help them to gain the competitive advantage over their rivals in the market. The primary effort that the management o f the organization has put in is to understand the intangible forces and so that the management can improve their system of doing business. It can be said that the organizations developing the system of doing business can effectively help the organization to acquire the deserved recognition in the market of operation and that can ensure the success of the organization. Alpha engineering has already experienced various challenges in the market of Singapore and thus the management of the organization currently solely depends on applying the VUCA framework to focus more on the reputation of the organization. unlike the management of Aurecon, the management of Alpha does not have the required resources or capability but the organization faces volatility factors significantly (Mauree and Geneletti 2017). It can be said that Alphas business only operates in the market of Singapore and that gives them a competitive advantage being a domestic company. The factor of complexity states that the way that the management of Alpha chooses to carry out their operation. It is a matter of fact that the management of Alpha made it harder to ensure more productivity as they are in the uncertainty zone. The good signs are that experience can be gathered over time and in the manner they are moving orward nowadays they will surely become a leading company in Singaporean market. thus a VUCA framework is present on the scale of 0 to 5. Volatility 1 Changing economic condition Score based on Alpha: 5 Complexity 1 Nature of approaching work Score based on Alpha: 2 Uncertainty 1 Lack of prediction Score based on Alpha: 4 Ambiguity 1 Opportunities for recognition in the local market Score based on Alpha: 5 Table 2 VUCA analysis The above analysis shows that Aurecon is less successful in the market of Singapore due to several factors. The Porters Model analysis shows that the engineering sector of Sinagpore is extremely competitive with emergence of resident companies like Alpha. Alpha being a Singaporean company would obviously get more preference from the government of Singapore. Moreover, the Alpha would have more knowledge about the market opportunities (VUCA analysis) which would allow it to make more strategically appropriate decision making compared to foreign engineering companies like Aurecon. This analysis shows that Aurecon suffers from several weaknesses like obtaining of preferential benefits from the government of Singapore and limited knowledge about the market compared to the resident Singaporean companies. These factors attribute to limited success of Aurecon in the market of Singapore compared to its resident market, Australia. The pricing of Aurecon is high due to several reason which can be again attribuited to its foreign origin. First, the company operates in both Australia and Singapore which means that the company has to pay taxes to both the governments. For example, the tax policies in Singapore, the resident companies enjoy tax benefits like Avoidance of Double Taxation Agreement which non-resident companies do not enjoy (Iras.gov.sg, 2018). This means that Aurecon has to pay a tax of 30 percent to the Australian Government and another high rate of tax to the government of Singapore. These high expenditures of taxation add to the cost of production of the company which is expressed through its high pricing. Moreover, the cost of complying with the legal frameworks of both Australia and Singapore (PESTLE) furthers ups the pricing of the company. The resident Singaporean companies like Alpha are able to keep their prices low due to the tax concessions they enjoy from the Singaporean government. These differences of advantages enjoyed by the Singaporean companies in contrast to the foreign companies result in the high pricing for the latter. The foreign companies like Aurecon are less effective, productive and efficient compared to their resident Singaporean counterparts. As pointed out in the VUCA framework, the foreign companies like Aurecon have limited knowledge of the Singaporean market and their high tax expenditure add to their costs of operations. They as a result have to charge high prices for their services to diversify their massive costs of operations. The Singaporean companies on the other hand can keep their charges comparatively low owing their lowered cost of production due to tax concessions. The customers in Singapore as result find the service offers of resident Singaporean companies like Alpha more profitable. Moreover, resident companies have more knowledge about the cultural perceptions of the client companies like Singapore. This comparison clearly points out that the foreign companies like Aurecon are less productive and efficient in the Singaporean market owing to their high costs of operations, limited knowledge and customer support (Austrade.gov.au, 2018) The organizational structural differences also attribute to the limited efficiency of the foreign companies in Singapore compared to the resident Singaporean companies like Alpha. The foreign companies like Aurecon have tall organizational structure as shown below (Aurecongroup.com, 2018). The structure assigns one single line of business to control the vast market of Middle East and Asia. This resource allocation cannot exploit the vast market of Asia successfully. This hinders smooth decision making in terms of booming markets like Singapore in these companies. This lack of dynamic decision making results in inefficient operations in foreign companies like Aurecon. They do not want to change because their tall structure actually support their multinational operations. Aurecon can learn from foreign companies belonging to diverse industries to adapt to the market conditions of Singapore. The company should bring about innovations in its organizational structure and adapt to market needs. The company can also adopt the ways in which pharmaceutical companies, of which majority are of foreign origin have adapted to Asian markets like India (Blue Ocean Strategies). They should use cheaper manufacturing models adapted to the Singaporean market requirements to create new value chains. They use the introduce products based on the clients requirements of Singapore and conduct analysis like 7S and Blue Ocean Strategy as shown above. Conclusion It can be said that the acceptance of AureconSG is immense in the market of Singapore and they can sustain their competitiveness in Sigapore. Applying various external analytical tools might not help the organization to gain the necessary information and thus it can be said that using VUCA, Blue Ocean and s strategies might help the situation. Thus it can be said that applying those tools along with swot pestle and vrio framework will help the management to sustain their business for a long time. References Albert, S. and Grzeda, M., 2015. Reflection in strategic management education.Journal of Management Education,39(5), pp.650-669. Aurecongroup.com. (2018).Global Aurecon Executive Committee. [online] Available at: https://www.aurecongroup.com/about/aurecon-executive-committee [Accessed 20 Mar. 2018]. Austrade.gov.au. (2018).Australian business taxes - Austrade. [online] Available at: https://www.austrade.gov.au/International/Invest/Guide-to-investing/Running-a-business/Understanding-Australian-taxes/Australian-business-taxes [Accessed 20 Mar. 2018]. Bertozzi, F., Ali, C.M. and Gul, F.A., 2016. Resource Based View of an Organization and PESTEL Analytical Tool; An Analysis of Hotel Corallo, Rimini.EPH-International Journal of Science And Engineering (ISSN: 2454-2016),2(11), pp.57-71. Birkinshaw, J., Zimmermann, A. and Raisch, S., 2016. How do firms adapt to discontinuous change? Bridging the dynamic capabilities and ambidexterity perspectives.California Management Review,58(4), pp.36-58. Erasmus, S.W., Muller, M., van der Rijst, M. and Hoffman, L.C., 2016. Stable isotope ratio analysis: A potential analytical tool for the authentication of South African lamb meat.Food chemistry,192, pp.997-1005. Gkdeniz, I., Kartal, C. and Kmrc, K., 2017. Strategic Assessment based on 7S McKinsey Model for a Business by Using Analytic Network Process (ANP).International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences,7(6), pp.342-353. Helfat, C.E. and Peteraf, M.A., 2015. Managerial cognitive capabilities and the microfoundations of dynamic capabilities.Strategic Management Journal,36(6), pp.831-850. Iras.gov.sg. (2018).Withholding Tax - IRAS. [online] Available at: https://www.iras.gov.sg/IRASHome/Other-Taxes/Withholding-Tax/ [Accessed 20 Mar. 2018]. Mauree, P.P. and Geneletti, D., 2017. Assessing barriers to effective spatial planning in Mauritius. A combination of SWOT and gap surveys.Journal of Environmental Planning and Management,60(8), pp.1324-1346. Melander, A., Lfving, M., Andersson, D., Elgh, F. and Thulin, M., 2016. Introducing the HoshinKanri strategic management system in manufacturing SMEs.Management Decision,54(10), pp.2507-2523. Okanga, B. and Drotskie, A., 2015. Integrated strategic healthcare management control techniques for effective performance of the South African public healthcare system.Journal of Contemporary Management,12(1), pp.61-84. Pawliczek, A. and Rssler, M., 2016. Knowledge of Management Tools and Systems in SMEs: Knowledge Transfer in Management.Knowledge Management Initiatives and Strategies in Small and Medium Enterprises, p.180.